Grammar-Adverb: Apa itu Adverbs?

ADVERBS adalah adverbia yang memodifikasi verba, adjektiva, maupun adverbia lainnya. Namun, adverbia tidak memodifikasi nomina. Bila menilik posisinya dalam kalimat, adverbia cukup fleksibel sehingga dapat ditempatkan di mana saja dalam suatu kalimat.

Meski kerap diakhiri dengan -ly, banyak pula kata dan frase yang tidak diakhiri dengan -ly meski tergolong dalam kategori adverbia. Sehingga akhiran tersebut bukan merupakan jaminan untuk dengan mudah mengenali adverbia dalam suatu kalimat.

Adverbia yang tidak berakhiran -ly disebut dengan irregular adverbs, misalnya: already, also, always, here, never, not, now, often, quite, seldom, soon, still, then, there, too, very well.

Berikut adalah beberapa jenis adverbs yang penting untuk diketahui dan dipahami:

ADVERBS OF TIME

Adverbia waktu menjawab pertanyaan When. Yang termasuk dalam adverbia ini adalah after, always, before, during, early, later, never, now, often, rarely, recently, sometimes, soon, then, today, tomorrow, usually, yesterday, dll.

I rarely go to the movie theater since the ticket price went up.
Dad can finish his work and go home early.
She will study after she finishes the dinner.
I visited grandpa recently because I wanted to show him my study report.
Don’t worry, it all soon shall pass.

ADVERBS OF MANNER

Adverbia perilaku menjawab pertanyaan How. Yang termasuk dalam adverbia ini adalah badly, beautifully, better, bravely, cheerfully, fast, hard, quickly, slowly, inadequately, healthy, well, dll.

Anything you can do, I can do better.
I always late when mom drives me to school because she drives very slowly.
She painted the whole scenery beautifully.
I think I did the driving test rather well.
She inadvertendly lost the dog when she put his collar at loose.

ADVERBS OF PLACE

Adverbia tempat menjawab pertanyaan Where. Yang termasuk dalam adverbia ini antara lain above, away, below, down, here, inside, near, outside, there, up, dll.

Put that jar above the cupboard along with the other empty jars.
I’m not allowed to play outside the house after 6 PM.
Hurry up and get down here! I need your help!
Her whole family moved to Jakarta and they live there now.
This experience gives literal meaning to going down below the rabbit hole.

ADVERBS OF DEGREE

Adverbia tingkatan menjawab pertanyaan How much, biasanya mendeskripsikan intensitas suatu kejadian. Yang termasuk dalam adverbia ini antara lain almost, completely, enough, entirely, extremely, hardly, just, little, much, nearly, quite, rather, very, too, dll.

She looks extremely tired after cleaning the whole house.
Mom told me she missed my brother, too.
We don’t have much money but it doesn’t stop us from being happy.
Sometimes love just ain’t enough.
The technician wiped the data in my hard drive entirely and it could not be restored.

ADVERBS OF FREQUENCY

Adverbia tempat menjawab pertanyaan How often. Yang termasuk dalam adverbia ini adalah always, never, usually, frequently, occasionally, rarely, seldom, sometimes, dll.

Dad usually doesn’t drink alcohol, but occasionally he does.
I rarely participate in family occasion because I don’t have any peer I can talk to.
My parents frequently check up their health at the hospital.
She makes sure that I always finish my breakfast before I go to school.
Sometimes I wish I had never been born.

INTERROGATIVE ADVERBS

Adverbia ini merupakan bagian dari pertanyaan dan biasanya diletakkan di awal kalimat. Yang termasuk dalam adverbia ini adalah how, when, why, dan where.

Why are you here?
When is it going to stop?
Where did the money come from?
How long do we have to participate in this training?
How much time do I have to set aside every week?

CONJUNCTIVE ADVERBS

Adverbia konjungtiva berfungsi sebagai kata transisi, menggabungkan serta mengaitkan klausa-klausa independen. Yang termasuk dalam adverbia ini antara lain accordingly, also, alternatively, certainly, consequently, finally, nevertheless, moreover, previously, therefore, dll.

He finally finished his the thesis for his final project.
I can’t leave the house today, therefore I delegate the meeting to the vice president.
She certainly has what it takes to become an actress.
Donny didn’t finish his exam. Consequently he got a C for his midterm test.
According to the GPS, there’s a busy traffic ahead of us. We can gamble and go ahead, or alternatively take a different route.

Adverb