Comparative dan superlative bahasa Inggris
Comparative dipakai untuk membandingkan dua hal, superlative untuk menyebut yang paling dari tiga hal atau lebih.
- ComparativeAndi is taller than Budi.
- SuperlativeAndi is the tallest student in the class.
- Sama denganAndi is as tall as Budi.
Satu suku kata: -er dan -est
Kata sifat satu suku kata ditambah -er dan -est: tall → taller → tallest. Kata yang berakhiran e cukup ditambah -r dan -st: large → larger → largest. Kata berpola konsonan-vokal-konsonan menggandakan huruf terakhir: big → bigger → biggest.
| Kata sifat | Comparative | Superlative | Catatan |
|---|---|---|---|
| big | bigger | the biggest | |
| brave | braver | the bravest | |
| brief | briefer | the briefest | |
| bright | brighter | the brightest | |
| broad | broader | the broadest | |
| calm | calmer | the calmest | |
| cheap | cheaper | the cheapest | |
| clean | cleaner | the cleanest | |
| clear | clearer | the clearest | |
| close | closer | the closest | |
| cold | colder | the coldest | |
| cool | cooler | the coolest | |
| cute | cuter | the cutest | |
| dark | darker | the darkest | |
| deep | deeper | the deepest | |
| dry | drier / dryer | the driest / the dryest | drier dan driest lebih umum |
| fast | faster | the fastest | |
| fat | fatter | the fattest | |
| fine | finer | the finest | |
| firm | firmer | the firmest | |
| fit | fitter | the fittest | |
| fresh | fresher | the freshest | |
| full | fuller | the fullest | |
| great | greater | the greatest | |
| hard | harder | the hardest | |
| high | higher | the highest | |
| hot | hotter | the hottest | |
| kind | kinder | the kindest | |
| large | larger | the largest | |
| late | later | the latest | latter berarti yang terakhir disebut |
| light | lighter | the lightest | |
| long | longer | the longest | |
| loose | looser | the loosest | |
| loud | louder | the loudest | |
| low | lower | the lowest | |
| mad | madder | the maddest | |
| neat | neater | the neatest | |
| new | newer | the newest | |
| nice | nicer | the nicest | |
| old | older | the oldest | elder dan eldest juga dipakai untuk anggota keluarga |
| pale | paler | the palest | |
| plain | plainer | the plainest | |
| poor | poorer | the poorest | |
| proud | prouder | the proudest | |
| quick | quicker | the quickest | |
| rare | rarer | the rarest | |
| red | redder | the reddest | |
| rich | richer | the richest | |
| rough | rougher | the roughest | |
| sad | sadder | the saddest | |
| safe | safer | the safest | |
| sharp | sharper | the sharpest | |
| short | shorter | the shortest | |
| shy | shyer / shier | the shyest / the shiest | shyer dan shyest lebih umum |
| slim | slimmer | the slimmest | |
| slow | slower | the slowest | |
| small | smaller | the smallest | |
| smart | smarter | the smartest | |
| smooth | smoother | the smoothest | |
| soft | softer | the softest | |
| strict | stricter | the strictest | |
| strong | stronger | the strongest | |
| sweet | sweeter | the sweetest | |
| tall | taller | the tallest | |
| thick | thicker | the thickest | |
| thin | thinner | the thinnest | |
| tough | tougher | the toughest | |
| vast | vaster | the vastest | |
| warm | warmer | the warmest | |
| weak | weaker | the weakest | |
| wet | wetter | the wettest | |
| wide | wider | the widest | |
| wild | wilder | the wildest | |
| wise | wiser | the wisest | |
| young | younger | the youngest |
Dua suku kata berakhiran y: -ier dan -iest
Huruf y diganti i, lalu ditambah -er dan -est: happy → happier → happiest.
| Kata sifat | Comparative | Superlative | Catatan |
|---|---|---|---|
| angry | angrier | the angriest | |
| busy | busier | the busiest | |
| cloudy | cloudier | the cloudiest | |
| crazy | crazier | the craziest | |
| dirty | dirtier | the dirtiest | |
| dusty | dustier | the dustiest | |
| early | earlier | the earliest | |
| easy | easier | the easiest | |
| funny | funnier | the funniest | |
| happy | happier | the happiest | |
| healthy | healthier | the healthiest | |
| heavy | heavier | the heaviest | |
| hungry | hungrier | the hungriest | |
| lazy | lazier | the laziest | |
| lucky | luckier | the luckiest | |
| messy | messier | the messiest | |
| noisy | noisier | the noisiest | |
| pretty | prettier | the prettiest | |
| rainy | rainier | the rainiest | |
| scary | scarier | the scariest | |
| silly | sillier | the silliest | |
| sleepy | sleepier | the sleepiest | |
| sunny | sunnier | the sunniest | |
| tasty | tastier | the tastiest | |
| tidy | tidier | the tidiest | |
| tiny | tinier | the tiniest | |
| ugly | uglier | the ugliest | |
| wealthy | wealthier | the wealthiest | |
| windy | windier | the windiest |
Boleh dua cara
Sebagian kata sifat dua suku kata boleh memakai -er/-est atau more/most. Keduanya benar: clever → cleverer atau more clever.
| Kata sifat | Comparative | Superlative | Catatan |
|---|---|---|---|
| clever | cleverer / more clever | the cleverest / the most clever | |
| common | commoner / more common | the commonest / the most common | |
| friendly | friendlier / more friendly | the friendliest / the most friendly | |
| gentle | gentler / more gentle | the gentlest / the most gentle | |
| handsome | handsomer / more handsome | the handsomest / the most handsome | |
| narrow | narrower / more narrow | the narrowest / the most narrow | |
| pleasant | pleasanter / more pleasant | the pleasantest / the most pleasant | |
| polite | politer / more polite | the politest / the most polite | |
| quiet | quieter / more quiet | the quietest / the most quiet | |
| shallow | shallower / more shallow | the shallowest / the most shallow | |
| simple | simpler / more simple | the simplest / the most simple | |
| stupid | stupider / more stupid | the stupidest / the most stupid |
Dua suku kata atau lebih: more dan most
Kata sifat panjang memakai more dan most: beautiful → more beautiful → most beautiful.
| Kata sifat | Comparative | Superlative | Catatan |
|---|---|---|---|
| active | more active | the most active | |
| beautiful | more beautiful | the most beautiful | |
| boring | more boring | the most boring | |
| careful | more careful | the most careful | |
| careless | more careless | the most careless | |
| comfortable | more comfortable | the most comfortable | |
| creative | more creative | the most creative | |
| curious | more curious | the most curious | |
| dangerous | more dangerous | the most dangerous | |
| delicious | more delicious | the most delicious | |
| difficult | more difficult | the most difficult | |
| exciting | more exciting | the most exciting | |
| expensive | more expensive | the most expensive | |
| famous | more famous | the most famous | |
| generous | more generous | the most generous | |
| helpful | more helpful | the most helpful | |
| honest | more honest | the most honest | |
| important | more important | the most important | |
| intelligent | more intelligent | the most intelligent | |
| interesting | more interesting | the most interesting | |
| modern | more modern | the most modern | |
| nervous | more nervous | the most nervous | |
| patient | more patient | the most patient | |
| peaceful | more peaceful | the most peaceful | |
| popular | more popular | the most popular | |
| serious | more serious | the most serious | |
| surprised | more surprised | the most surprised | |
| tired | more tired | the most tired | |
| useful | more useful | the most useful | |
| worried | more worried | the most worried |
Tidak beraturan
Bentuknya berubah dan harus dihafal: good → better → best, bad → worse → worst.
| Kata sifat | Comparative | Superlative | Catatan |
|---|---|---|---|
| bad | worse | the worst | |
| far | farther, further | the farthest, furthest | farther untuk jarak, further untuk jarak dan arti tambahan |
| good | better | the best | |
| little | less, littler | the least, littlest | less dan least untuk jumlah; littler dan littlest untuk ukuran (tidak resmi) |
| many | more | the most | |
| much | more | the most | |
| well | better | the best |
Lihat juga bentuk jamak kata benda dan pembentuk 16 tenses.